ο ߴϴ , ̾(Leviathan)(1651) : ̾(Leviathan) 뱳 ȭ(Judaism) ϴ Ŵ ٴٹ(sea serpent) 긮 (Hebrew Bible) (the Book of Job), ̻(the Book of Isaiah), Ƹ(Book of Amos), 켭(Book of Enoch) ˴ϴ. ̾(Leviathan) ϴ (the Book of Job) 41 , پ ϴ (the god Baal Hadad) ź(the older Canaanite Lotan) ̾ Դϴ. ȭ , Ŵ (mythical creature) ϰ ãƺ ִ ̾߱.
ȩ ʴ ٴ ̾(Leviathan) ΰ ü, Ͽ, å äϿϴ. ΰ , հ ̾(Leviathan)(1651) 'ȸ ù ü Ƿ(The Matter, Forme and Power of a Common-Wealth Ecclesiastical and Civil)Դϴ. å ڸ, ⺸ٴ Ŵ Ÿ 帣 ︮. ̶̾ Ҽ ֽϴ. 1651 Ⱓ å ǥ ٺ Ŵ ΰ ΰ Ӹ հ , տ Ȧ(, scepter), տ ֽϴ. ̴ ()κ 絵 ֱǰ ִٴ Դϴ. ȩ () ڽŵ Ƿ ̾ڸ Ѵٰ Ͽϴ. ڼ Ŵ ΰ ΰ ΰ ̷ ü ϰ Ǿ ֽϴ. ҿ!!
ȩ ̾(Leviathan)(1651) ձǽż(, Divine Right of Kings) 뼼̴ Ȳ Ƿ ()κ ƴ϶ ΰ(Ʒ) Ƿν ö ̶ Ͽ Ӹ ƴ϶, Ȳ Ƿ Ͽϴ. ӽ ȩ ߴ (Galileo Galilei) ߴٴ (1633) ó, å ݼ Ǿٴ ϸ ȩ ߸ ̾ϴ. ó ηϿ, ̾(Leviathan)(1651) Ⱓ ̱ ĸ dz 11Ⱓ ӹ Ͽϴ. Ź TTN Korea (English Classics) Բ , õ, ϵ п! B
Whatsoever therefore is consequent to a time of war, where every man is enemy to every man, the same consequent to the time wherein men live without other security than what their own strength and their own invention shall furnish them withal. In such condition there is no place for industry... no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. Ƿ Ͼ , ڱ ڱ ߸ǰ 鿡 ϴ ٸ ġ ô밡 Դϴ. ¶ Ұմϴ. ϸ, Ƹ ϰ, ڵ , ȸ ϴ. ־ ӵǴ η 迡 ô Ѵٴ Դϴ. ΰ ϰ, ϰ, ϰ, ϰ, ªϴ.
ȣ(Hobbism) ȣƮ(Hobbist) : ȣ(Hobbism) 1δ ӽ ȩ (the philosophical system of Thomas Hobbes) , Ʈ ̸ 縦 ŷ ȸп ǰ 뱺ַ ϴ. ձǽż ϴ մĿ 뱺ַ ϴ ȸķκ ÿ Ҵٴ. ȣ(Hobbism) Ƿڿ κʹ ݹ ҷ , ÿ ϴ ʾҽϴ. ȣ(Hobbism) ϴ ̵ ´ ̵ ȣƮ(Hobbist) ҷϴ. ó ġ ġ̳ ۰ Ŭ ְڳ.
To this war of every man against every man, this also in consequent; that nothing can be unjust. The notions of right and wrong, justice and injustice have there no place. Where there is no common power, there is no law, where no law, no injustice. Force, and fraud, are in war the cardinal virtues. ο Ͽ ﵵ Ƿ ϴ. ǰ , ǿ ڸ ϴ. , ǵ Դϴ. £ ⸸ ߿ Դϴ."
3 ȸ() : ӽ ȩ ڿ ¿ ΰ bellum omnium contra omnes, (war of all against all) Ͽϴ. ̸ ո ذϱ Ͽ Ƿ ڰ ٷ ̶ ̴ ձǽż ϴ Դϴ. ӽ ȩ ȸ(, Theory of Social Contract) ױ۷ ձ ũ(John Locke)(1632~1704) ũ (Jean-Jacques Rousseau)(1712~1778) ġ ٵ, ġ öа ƽϴ. ó 3 ȸ() θϴ.
The condition of man... is a condition of war of everyone against everyone. "ΰ ... ΰ ϴ ǰ ϴ.
-(Index)-
ѷα(Prologue). Ź TTN Korea (English Classics) 101 о ϴ 7
7 Ű д ӽ ȩ(Thomas Hobbes) by ȭ
01. ٴ ö, ȸ(1588~1679)
02. ̾(Leviathan)(1651)
03. ȣ(Hobbism) ȣƮ(Hobbist)
04. 3 ȸ() : ȩ, ũ,
05. ӽ ȩ(Thomas Hobbes) TOP4
06. (Audio Books) ӽ ȩ(Thomas Hobbes)
07. ӽ ȩ(Thomas Hobbes) (Quotes)(25)
ӽ ȩ ̾(Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes)(1651)
To My Most Honor'd Friend Mr. Francis Godolphin of Godolphin
The Introduction
Part 1. Of Man
I. Of Sense
II. Of Imagination
III. Of the Consequence or Train of Imaginations
IV. Of Speech
V. Of Reason and Science
VI. Of the Interior Beginnings of Voluntary Motions, Commonly Called the Passions; and the Speeches by Which They Are Expressed
VII. Of the Ends, or Resolutions of Discourse
VIII. Of the Virtues Commonly Called Intellectual, and Their Contrary Defects
IX. Of the Several Subjects of Knowledge
X. Of Power, Worth, Dignity, Honour, and Worthiness
XI. Of the Difference of Manners
XII. Of Religion
XIII. Of the Natural Condition of Mankind as Concerning Their Felicity and Misery
XIV. Of the First and Second Natural Laws, and of Contracts
XV. Of Other Laws of Nature
XVI. Of Persons, Authors, and Things Personated
Part II. Of Commonwealth
XVII. Of the Causes, Generation, and Definition of a Commonwealth
XVIII. Of the Rights of Soveraignes by Institution
XIX. Of the severall Kinds of Common-wealth by Institution, and of Succession to the Soveraigne Power
XX. Of Dominion Paternall, and Despoticall
XXI. Of the Liberty of Subjects
XXII. Of Systems Subject, Politicall, and Private
XXIII. Of the Publique Ministers of Soveraign Power
XXIV. Of the Nutrition, and Procreation of a Common-Wealth
XXV. Of Counsell
XXVI. Of Civill Lawes
XXVII. Of Crimes, Excuses, and Extenuations
XXVIII. Of Punishments, and Rewards
XXIX. Of those things that Weaken, or tend to the Dissolution of a Common-Wealth
XXX. Of the Office of the Sovereign Representative
XXXI. Of the Kingdom of God by Nature
Part III. Of a Christian Common-Wealth
XXXII. Of the Principles of Christian Politiques
XXXIII. Of the Number, Antiquity, Scope, Authority, and Interpreters of the Books of Holy Scripture
XXXIV. Of the Signification of Sprit, Angel, and Inspiration in the Books of Holy Scripture
XXXV. Of the Signification in Scripture of Kingdome of God, of Holy, Sacred, and Sacrament
XXXVI. Of the Word of God, and of Prophets
XXXVII. Of Miracles and their Use
XXXVIII. Of the Signification in Scripture of Eternal Life, Hell, Salvation, the World to Come, and Redemption
XXXIX. Of the Signification in Scripture of the Word Church
XL. Of the Rights of the Kingdom of God, in Abraham, Moses, the High - Priests, and the Kings Of Judah
XLI. Of The Office Of Our Blessed Saviour
XLII. Of Power Ecclesiasticall
XLIII. Of what is Necessary for a Man's Reception into the Kingdom of Heaven
Part IV. Of the Kingdom of Darkness
XLIV. Of Spiritual Darkness from Misinterpretation of Scripture
XLV. Of Daemonology, and other Reliques of the Religion of the Gentiles
XLVI. Of Darknesse from Vain Philosophy, and Fabulous Traditions
XLVII. Of the Benefit that proceedeth from such Darknesse, and to whom it Accreweth
A Review, and Conclusion
η(Appendix). ϴ ġĿ ȳ(The Hitchhiker's Guide to Worldss Classics)
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A05. , , 嵵 60
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A08. (װ) 嵵 100
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A10. л õ(44)
A11. (English Classics) 5 (How to listen to FREE audio Books legally?)
A12. ȭ (Movies And TV Shows Based on English Classic Books)
ȭ (Korea Round Travel) & (World Round Travel)(049)
Ź TTN Korea (English Classics) 101
Ź TTN Korea (954)
ӽ ȩ(Thomas Hobbes)
Homo homini lupus. ΰ ΰ .
ٴ ö, ȸ(1588~1679) : 1588 ӽ ȩ(Thomas Hobbes) ױ۷ ձ(Kingdom of England)(927~1707) ὺ(Malmesbury) ð ƮƮ(Westport) ¾ϴ. װ Ȱ ñ ױ۷ ձ(Kingdom of England) (, despotic monarchy)(~1215) , 屺(1215~1689) ñ 屺(ء)(1689~) װ ϰ 11 Ŀ ۵˴ϴ. ױ۷ ձ ε ߺο ο ѵǸ, Ͻ(Wales) ױ۷(England) ̿ شմϴ.
װ ¾ 1588 սθũ (Monarquía Hispánica) Դ(Armada Invencible) ױ۷- (Anglo-Spanish War)(1585~1604) ̴ ñ, ױ۷ ձ ħѴٴ ҽ Ӵϴ ¦ ϰ ҽϴ. ġ Ѹȸ(٥)ó ĥ ӽ ȩ ʳ Ʈ ִ ϴ. "my mother gave birth to twins: myself and fear. "츮 Ӵϴ ̸ֵ Ҵµ, ٷ ڽŰ η̾." ̷ֵ ¾. űϴ.
ӽ ȩ ƹ(Thomas Sr.) , ӽ ȩ 尩 (glove manufacturer) о ־ϴ. 4 ٴ ƮƮ ȸ(Westport church) б(Malmesbury school) 簡 縳б(private school) 鸰 (Magdalen Hall)(1601~1602) ߰, Ӻ긮 Ʈ Į(St John's College, Cambridge)(~1608) л縦 ߽ϴ. 鸰 (Magdalen Hall) ǥϴ ۵ (Oxford University) ϺԴϴ.
ij(William Cavendish) Ƶ (William) ٹϱ Ͽ, ӽ ȩ ϻ ij (Cavendish) й Ŀڿϴ. ġ Ǯ ĭ(Fulgenzio Micanzio), (Ben Jonson), ý (Francis Bacon) ӽ ȩ ϸ, , ġ, öڵ ־ (grand tour)(1610~1615) μ ν Դϴ.
If men are naturally in a state of war, why do they always carry arms and why do they have keys to lock their doors? " ڿ ¿ ִٸ, ⸦ ٴϸ, 踦 ?
ӽ ȩ ij (Cavendish) ٹϸ, 1630 37 ĸ üϿϴ. ȩ Ƿü(Florence) (Galileo Galilei) 1636 а , ΰ ڽ ö ų ־ϴ. , , ƾ ӽ ȩ Ű(Thucydides) ҽ (History of the Peloponnesian War)(1628) Ȱ Ͽϴ. 1637 ٽ ƿ, Ⱓ ڽ , ڿ, ġ (The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic)(1640) , ٽ ĸ ǽϿϴ. ȩ ش 10 1650 װ͵ ⰣǾϴ.
Covenants, without the sword, are but words and of no strength to secure a man at all. Ծ ̿, ϴ.
մĿ ȸİ Ų ױ۷ (English Civil War)(1642~1651) ߹߷ ױ۷ ձ ü ȭ ۽̰, й 1(Charles I) (1649) ȥ ñ. 丶 ȩ ǥ ̾(Leviathan)(1651) ⰣǾϴ. ȣ(Hobbism)̶ ź ߰ſ ȭ ϴ! ø ũ(Oliver Cromwell) ȣ ġ(The Protectorate)(1653~1658) ۵ , 1666 Ͽ ܳ Ͽ, ȩ Ȱ Ǿϴ. ο ε ߰ſ, ȩ ۿ ġ öа ߾ӹҽϴ.
Life is nasty, brutish, and short "λ ϰ ϸ ªϴ.
ȩ , ġ, , о߿ , б پ о߿ Ұ, Ŀ Ⱓ ̿ϼ 50 , , ȭ ⰣϿ, 1679 ڽ ƾ ڼ(Latin autobiography) ϴ. ġ – ȣν ϸƵ (Homer's Iliad and Odyssey) Ű(1673), 1679 91 ̷ Ͽϴ. ĥ̷ ¾ ӽ ȩ 91 ƴ ϴ. Ŀ ڽ ij(William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire) Ƴ Ű۸(Anne Keighley) ִ ħʱȸ(St John the Baptist's Church) ϴ.
Now I am about to take my last voyage, a great leap in the dark " ظ յΰ ֽϴ. ӿ ū Դϴ.